在中外对话上发表的最新的对文章 中国在调查"看不见"的土壤污染状况 的评论 zh-Hans http://www.chinadialogue.net/article/show/single/ch/724 http://staging.chinadialogue.net/images/cdlogo.gif http://www.chinadialogue.net/article/show/single/ch/724 Preventing soil pollution depends first and foremost on state legislation, in the form of an effective framework of environmental laws and standards. In conjunction with this, there needs to be consistent monitoring of soil quality and severe restrictions on polluting emissions. Pesticides and chemical fertilisers must be used with care, with an outright ban on pesticides that leave lasting toxic residues. Efforts must also be made to heal the severe scars left by quarrying and industrial activity and return the landscape to its pristene state. These kinds of protective measures will help stop soil pollution from happening in the first place. The following measures can generally be used in dealing with the problem of soil pollution where it already exists: 1. Reforms in the farming system. The extent of the damage caused by soil pollutants is often closely related to characteristics of the soil itself. For example, during periods of drought, the residue left by organochloride pesticides can remain in the soil for several years, while paddy fields are rendered effectively useless in just two or three months by the presence of colonies of anaerobic bacteria. And while cadmium contamination in paddy fields tends to revert to less harmful insoluable compounds, arsenic can form highly toxic arsenic trioxide. A better understanding of such principles could inform a reform of the farming system on the basis of reducing the harm caused by soil pollution. 2. Sensible use of polluted land. Highly polluted soil could be planted with non-edible cash crops or timber in order to reduce food contamination. 3. The use of chemical conditioners such as lime, phosphates and iron oxide can help reduce the presence of heavy metal contaminants, although care must be taken to ensure that these do not themselves end up contaminating groundwater. 4. Soil engineering methods such as importing new soil or burying soil are quick and relatively thorough methods of dealing with soil pollution, but must be used on a fairly large scale. Mon, 11 May 2009 06:45:36 +0000 http://www.chinadialogue.net/article/summary/724#comment-8838 http://www.chinadialogue.net/article/summary/724#comment-8838 民以食为天，食品安全本是老百姓最朴素、最根本的需求。但曾几何时，餐桌却成了最不安分的地方，毒大米、毒蔬菜的惊呼不绝于耳。随着中国土壤现状调查及污染防治项目的正式启动，土壤污染成为继水污染、大气污染、噪声污染和固体废物污染后，受到社会关注最多的污染问题之一。 土壤污染被称作“看不见的污染”，其他污染形式可以通过污水横流、黑烟滚滚、臭气熏天等外在表现形式向人们敲响警钟，而土壤污染却往往容易被人忽视，这种危害极大的污染就在这样的“温床”上趁机蔓延开来。 Mon, 25 Feb 2008 00:35:00 +0000 http://www.chinadialogue.net/article/summary/724#comment-7077 http://www.chinadialogue.net/article/summary/724#comment-7077 很快可以变得更好。 Sat, 13 Oct 2007 00:23:35 +0000 http://www.chinadialogue.net/article/summary/724#comment-4491 http://www.chinadialogue.net/article/summary/724#comment-4491 非常感谢你们给了我一个这么好的途径寻找关于污染的信息。 Sat, 09 Jun 2007 06:06:41 +0000 http://www.chinadialogue.net/article/summary/724#comment-3834 http://www.chinadialogue.net/article/summary/724#comment-3834 我在这儿寻获许多资讯。 Tue, 03 Apr 2007 16:00:30 +0000 http://www.chinadialogue.net/article/summary/724#comment-3490 http://www.chinadialogue.net/article/summary/724#comment-3490 做的好!!!从这里我得到了很多信息!!! Wed, 21 Mar 2007 10:38:20 +0000 http://www.chinadialogue.net/article/summary/724#comment-3175 http://www.chinadialogue.net/article/summary/724#comment-3175 大家好！我非常喜欢浏览你们的网站！希望继续保持如此丰富的资源！致以我最好的祝福！ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　福兰克 Wed, 31 Jan 2007 16:59:06 +0000 http://www.chinadialogue.net/article/summary/724#comment-1155 http://www.chinadialogue.net/article/summary/724#comment-1155 简略补充介绍一下我所知道的土壤污染。土壤污染分成生物和非生物两大部分。生物的大多指土壤中的病菌，有害微生物，害虫。比如以前很多的猪肉绦虫，血吸虫等，土壤都是其生长环节之一，这种危害随着卫生水平的提高，逐渐淡出人们的注意。 非生物可以分为两部分，有机的和无机的。有机污染是人们造出来的，有名的比如苯并芘等，他们降解困难，如同塑料一样，但是具有更强的生物毒性，而且五花八门，难以估计其潜在的毒性。 无机的是人们放出来的，土壤中大部分组分对人体是无害的，即使那小部分的有毒元素，也因为浓度很低而很难造成危害。但是人们通过采矿的活动，把地底的各种重金属释放出来，进入人们的日常活动中，进而在地球表面沉积。当在他们的浓度超过安全线时，就会形成污染。未来也许会因此出现这样一副景象：在以城市和矿山为中心，出现一个重金属扩散带，干净地土壤不复存在。最可怕的是，这种污染如同泼出去的水一下，无法再收回来。不同于有机污染，加以时日，在生物和非生物的作用的，会有一天消失。土壤重金属污染的消失，除非地球进行强烈的地壳运动，把表层沉地地底。总有一天，我们将不得不把我们泼出去的水再收回来，其难度，可想而知。 Tue, 30 Jan 2007 14:31:18 +0000 http://www.chinadialogue.net/article/summary/724#comment-1122 http://www.chinadialogue.net/article/summary/724#comment-1122 土壤污染与水污染密切关系到人们的生命安全，同样重要，同样严峻。在水污染领域，有了马军的《中国水危机》，众人觉醒。但在土壤污染方面，的确还没有得到足够的重视，希望有人尽快把此问题全面深刻地揭示出来。 Tue, 30 Jan 2007 13:29:16 +0000 http://www.chinadialogue.net/article/summary/724#comment-1119 http://www.chinadialogue.net/article/summary/724#comment-1119 什么是造成土壤污染的主要根源? 是储存在空气中的颗粒、灌溉用水、工业废弃物、杀虫剂或者是化肥的污染所造成的呢？对目前正在建设中的中国，偶尔在操作废水处理的工作以改善河流素质的当时也制造了“生物土” （污泥）。从理想上来说，这些污泥应该传布在土壤中成为有机肥和土壤调节剂， 然而，还必须非常谨慎而不至于成为污染土壤的根源。为了预防类似土壤污染的发生，废水处理公司在进行工作时必须负起责任，了解污泥的质量所将带来的影响和管制废水中有毒物质的排放。对目前的情况而言，如果在这一方面缺乏相应的措施，土壤污染的情况即将显著的加剧。S Spooner, 英国/ 北京 Tue, 30 Jan 2007 10:02:54 +0000 http://www.chinadialogue.net/article/summary/724#comment-1116 http://www.chinadialogue.net/article/summary/724#comment-1116