中国与世界，环境危机大家谈 WHERE CHINA AND THE WORLD DISCUSS THE ENVIRONMENT
Addressing the climate challenge
China Dialogue
September 23, 2009
China’s president, Hu Jintao, yesterday delivered a major speech on climate change at the United Nations General Assembly. Here, chinadialogue publishes the text in full.
“It is imperative to give full consideration to the development stage and basic needs of developing countries while we address climate change.”
Mr secretary-general, dear colleagues.
Global climate change has a profound impact on the survival and development of mankind. It is a major challenge facing all countries.
I wish to highlight here a few principles that we need to follow in our common endeavour to tackle this issue of climate change. First, fulfilling our respective responsibilities should be at the core of our efforts. The principle of common, but differentiated responsibilities embodies the consensus of the international community. Adherence to this principle is critical to keeping international cooperation on climate change on the right track.
Second, achieving mutual benefit and win-win outcomes should be the goal of our effort. Developed countries should support developing countries in tackling climate change. This not only is their responsibility, but also serves their long-term interests.
We should make our endeavour on climate change a win-win for both developed and developing countries and a win-win for both the interests of individual countries and the common interests of humanity.
Third, promoting common development should be the basis of our effort. We should and can only advise our efforts to tackle climate change in the course of development and meeting this challenge is a common development.
It is imperative to give full consideration to the development stage and basic needs of developing countries while we address climate change. The international community should pay close attention to the difficulties facing the developing countries, especially the small island states, the least developed countries, landlocked countries and African countries.
We should combine our efforts to address climate change with efforts to promote the growth of developing countries and build up their own dynamism for development and their ability for sustainable development.
Fourth, ensuring financing and technology is the key to our success of the effort.
Developed countries should take up their responsibility and provide new, additional, adequate and predictable financial support to developing countries to enable them to have access to climate-friendly technologies.
Dear colleagues, out of a sense of responsibility to its own people and people across the world, China has taken and will continue to take determined and practical steps to tackle this challenge. China has adopted and is implementing its national climate change programme. This includes mandatory national targets for reducing energy intensity and discharge of major pollutants and increasing forest coverage and the share of renewable energy for the period of 2005 through 2010.
In the years ahead, China will further integrate our actions on climate change into our economic and social development tasks and take the following forceful measures. First, we will intensify our effort to conserve energy and improve energy efficiency. We will endeavour to cut carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by a notable margin by 2020 from the 2005 level.
Second, we will vigorously develop renewable energy and nuclear energy. We will endeavour to increase the share of non-fossil fuels in primary energy consumption to around 15% by 2020.
Third, we will energetically increase forest carbon sinks; we will endeavor to increase forest coverage by 40 million hectares and forest stock volume by 1.3 billion cubic meters by 2020 from the 2005 levels.
Fourth, we will step up our efforts to develop green economy, low carbon economy and circular economy and enhance research, development and dissemination of climate-friendly technologies.
Dear colleagues, China stands ready to work with all countries to build an even better future for the generations to come.
Thank you all.
Hu Jintao is the president of the People’s Republic of China
This speech was delivered on September 22 to the United Nations General Assembly, its original title was "Working together to address the climate change challenge".
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与国家应对气候变化战略相比，“中国将通过各种方式达到2010年单位GDP能耗减少20%的目标并大幅减少二氧化碳排量”的说法已经改成，“这将包括2005年至2010年期间降低能源强度和主要污染物释放并提高森林覆盖率可再生能源份额的强制性国家目标”，谁能告诉我这两句话的区别？
Compare the National Strategy for Combating Climate Change, which says: “ By all these means, China will achieve the target of about 20 percent reduction of energy consumption per unit GDP by 2010, and consequently reduce CO2 emissions”, to Hu's words: “This includes mandatory national targets for reducing energy intensity and discharge of major pollutants and increasing forest coverage and the share of renewable energy for the period of 2005 through 2010”. Who can tell us the difference?
胡哥说的好，中国表现的很有大国风范。我们负责任，我们会行动，我们甚至还给比我们更欠发达的国家资助。
换句话说，中国是个榜样。请比中国发达的国家，向中国学习（胡发言提到中国人均国内生产总值仍排在全球100位之后），给中国资助。
中国人说话，习惯把最重要的话留在最后说。从胡哥几点坚持的第四点我们就可以看出端倪。
Hu Jintao said it very well. China has the air of a dominant power. We are responsible, we can take action, and we even give financial aid to countries that are not as developed as we are. In other words, China is a role model. I ask those countries that are more developed than China to learn from China’s example (Hu stated that China still ranked 100th in the world in GDP per person), and give China financial assistance. Chinese people are accustomed to saying the most important points at the end of their speeches. We can get a clue by looking at Hu’s fourth point. (Translated by Michelle Deeter)
我觉得外国朋友实在不必怀疑中国人应对气候变化的诚意。按照中国五千年的面子传统，即使自己家里人吃不饱，都还努力给客人最好的东西。如果您实地到中国各地看一看，全面了解中国的实际国情，就会明白，应对气候变化，中国已经做了力所能及的最大贡献了。胡主席讲的这番话其实比某个发达国家承诺多少减排量要来得实际，因为中国在对外问题上从来都是说到做到，换多少届政府都不会翻脸不认帐，西方民主国家一换届选举前面承诺的就都可以不算数了。
Chinese people's sincerity in responding to climate change shouldn't be suspected by foreigners. China's 5,000 years of tradition of saving face in front of outsiders will encourage them to bring out the best for the guest. Indeed, even if they are starving. The fact that China has done its utmost to address climate change is undeniable if you can make the effort to carry out thorough fieldwork across China's vast area. The speech delivered by president Hu is more pratical than any of the blank checks made by developed countries, who promise to reduce carbon emissions. China has always abided by its promises, while western democratic countries repudiate their former commitments after new elections.
说得好，不卑不亢，言简意赅
Well said! Neither holding back too much nor too conceding, clear and concise.
你提到的那些问题都差不多。但是这句是新论调“我们将争取到2020年每单位国内生产总值的二氧化碳排放，比2005年有“显着下降”。”提高能源利用率是必要的，但未见得一定要扯上碳排放，提高煤炭资源的利用效率就可以。但是碳利用率的问题是和气候变化直接挂钩的。
The points you highlight are pretty much the same. But, "We will endeavour to cut carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by a notable margin by 2020 from the 2005 level" is new: energy efficiency is helpful, but does not necessarily do much for carbon emissions -- you can make more efficient use of dirty fuels. But improving carbon efficiency directly addresses climate change.
是的，我用错词了，不过你回答的正是我想问的问题，多谢。
Yes, I used the wrong words. But, my question is same as what you answered. Thanks a lot.
防止气候恶化根本的在于改变基于工业化的全球资本主义发展模式。正是由于发源于西方的依托工业化的资本主义带来了全球环境恶化，特别是气候变化。更可怕的是这种模式后来成为全球发展模式，作为后发工业国家的中国和印度也被迫走上这条道路，否则难于生存。西方政客为什么紧紧盯住中国、印度这样被迫走上资本主义工业化道路的国家，而不深刻反省自身的在全球推行资本化和各种殖民化的历史？ 影响气候变化的始作俑者不但深刻反思，而且千方百计将舆论聚焦在印度、中国等发展中国家，想以此制约这些国家的发展。这样，环保变成了一场新的战争。
The key to preventing climatic deterioration is to change the development model of Western capitalist countries which based on Industrialization.It is the industrialization-based capitalism, native to the west,that results in environmental degradation,especially climatic deterioration. Even more sinister is that the Western-style model has been applied worldwide. To survive, less developed countries as China and India have been forced onto the path to industrialization. Instead of expressing their deep remorse for the history on pursuing the policy of capitalization and colonization throughout the global, why do western politicians firmly concern on the situation in China and India? In order to hinder the development of these developing country,the evil initiators of climatic deterioration only try their best to guide the public attention to developing countries like China and India. By doing so, the environmental protection has turned into a new war.
(Translated by Lei Wang)
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